Basic UNIX Commands
At a bare minimum, if you use telnet to install or debug
your CGI scripts, you'll need to know how to move around your
directories and view the files that are there. Here are the
basic commands for that purpose.
In all of these examples, anything in <> should be replaced
with the actual file name or directory name -- do not keep
the <> symbols when you type the actual command.
Moving around
cd <directory>
The UNIX cd command works just like the DOS command except
UNIX uses the forward slash / instead of the backward slash
\. You can either type a single directory name or an entire
path.
cd public_html
cd /home/ashley/www/images
Viewing files
ls <file or directory>
When used with a directory name, the UNIX ls command
lists the directory contents. This is identical the DOS command
"dir".
[ashley@server4000 www]$ ls graphs
bar1.gif bar2.gif bar3.gif bar4.gif bar5.gif bar6.gif
If no directory name is specified, it lists the contents of
the current directory.
If you type a file name instead of a directory, it just
tells you if that file exists or not.
[ashley@server4000 www]$ ls graphs/bar1.gif
graphs/bar1.gif
[ashley@server4000 www]$ ls graphs/bar7.gif
ls: graphs/bar7.gif: No such file or directory
If you type ls -l instead of just ls, you
will see a long listing, which includes the file/directory
permissions and other information.
[ashley@server4000 www]$ ls -l graphs
total 6
-rw-r--r-- 1 ashley enscript 87 May 25 1998 bar1.gif
-rw-r--r-- 1 ashley enscript 97 May 25 1998 bar2.gif
-rw-r--r-- 1 ashley enscript 87 May 25 1998 bar3.gif
-rw-r--r-- 1 ashley enscript 107 May 25 1998 bar4.gif
-rw-r--r-- 1 ashley enscript 87 May 25 1998 bar5.gif
-rw-r--r-- 1 ashley enscript 107 May 25 1998 bar6.gif
Finding yourself
pwd
The UNIX pwd command tells you what directory you are
currently in, giving you the full path from the root directory.
[ashley@server4000 www]$ pwd
/home/ashley/www
Related tutorials
UNIX directory structure
UNIX file permissions
Useful UNIX tasks
Using telnet
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